Surgical Correction of Hip Problems in Dogs

Surgical correction of hip issues in dogs is most commonly performed to address Hip Dysplasia, a condition where the hip joint develops abnormally. The choice of surgical method depends on the dog's age, size, disease severity, and the specific goals of treatment. The primary surgical options include

1. Femoral Head Ostectomy (FHO)

• Objective: To reduce pain by removing the problematic part of the joint (the worn-down femoral head).

• Procedure: The head and neck of the femur are removed to eliminate bone-on-bone friction.

• Results: The body creates a "false joint" made of fibrous tissue. The dog will rely on the muscles surrounding the hip to support its weight and facilitate walking.

• Suitability: This is best suited for small dogs (typically weighing less than 17–20 kg) or as a last resort when other surgeries are not feasible. Intensive post-operative physical therapy is required.

2. Total Hip Replacement (THR)

• Objective: Considered the gold standard for restoring near-normal leg function.

• Procedure: The damaged femoral head and hip socket are removed and replaced with medical-grade metal and plastic prosthetic joints.

• Results: Dogs can walk, run, and bear weight naturally without the pain previously caused by the joint.

• Suitability: Ideal for medium to large dogs with severe hip dysplasia.

3. Triple/Double Pelvic Osteotomy (TPO/DPO)

• Objective: To prevent and slow down hip joint damage in young dogs where the hip socket is not yet severely damaged.

• Procedure: The pelvic bone is cut in two or three places, allowing the hip socket (acetabulum) to be rotated to better cover the femoral head.

• Results: This improves hip stability and reduces the likelihood of future joint degeneration.

• Suitability: This must be performed in young dogs (usually under 10–12 months old) with minimal pre-existing damage to the hip socket.

Non-Surgical Treatment

For mild cases or senior dogs, veterinarians may opt for conservative management:

• Weight control.

• Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medications.

• Joint supplements.

• Physical therapy, such as underwater treadmills or laser therapy, to strengthen muscles and alleviate pain.

If your puppy or dog is experiencing hip problems, it is important to consult a specialist veterinarian to evaluate the extent of the damage and select the most appropriate treatment.